complications; a student’s note on an imperfect science
Sunday, February 25th, 2007most surgeons i’ve met refer to themselves as the fixer. they fix things. that’s what they do. for example, if flow is blocked- by anything imaginable; blood, urine, faeces, bile, etc, remove the clog. if the clog is too extensive, create a route to bypass the blockade. and i can sense their greatest satisfaction when discharging the patient home after surgery, saying proudly, ’see, i told u i’ll fix it’.
but like all things in life, some things can never be fixed. in those cases, the patients never get to see a surgeon. or they do get the opportunity only to be turned down later on - go back to your medications and pray for the best and don’t bother to see me anymore, they are told.
but in rare cases, the surgeons thought they could fix the problem, but end up causing more problems. that is when complications happen. sometimes mistakes are made. sometimes things just get out of hand. sometimes problems present instantaneously. sometimes much later.
it is true that surgical-related mortality and morbidity rate are kept to minimum with better techniques, concurrent medical therapy, closer patient monitoring and such. for example even a complicated procedure like open abdominal aneurysm repair has only 5% mortality rate. (amongst other complications like wound infection, dehiscence, bowel paresis, etc). it is quite a wonder considering the extend of the cut, the fact that the bowel and everything else are manhandled and shoved aside, and the blood flow to both legs is halted for the whole 3-4 hours whilst the operation is underway.
so yeah, for 95% of the patients, their bulging aorta got fixed and the imminent threat that it will rupture and leak precious blood is no longer there. to them their surgeons become their saviour. but for the 5% of patients got more than what they bargain for; earlier death.
it is all as well churning these statistics on complications when luring the patient to consent to surgery. 5% is such a small percentage and the patient could be easily coached into thinking along the line of; what are the odds it will happen to me? no way.
but explaining what went wrong to the relatives and loved-ones of the 5% of patients would be a much trickier business. like in mr. w case (whose fault is it anyway?), what went wrong is already known; a tear from the puncture site in the right femoral artery causing retroperitoneal haemorrhage, he then went into shock after losing so much blood. considering his recent MI, his weak heart just couldn’t cope and stop beating. but i wouldn’t want to be in the surgeon’s/radiologist’s shoes when they are explaining all this to his wife and daughters.
it’s a risky business. complications still and will continue to happen, no matter how good the surgeon is because one simply can’t be good enough. after all, surgery and medicine is nothing more than what it exactly is; an imperfect science.
i even question the whole thing; why bother? why not just let nature takes its course? why this need to intervene? recently i have heard of a new surgical procedure to repair extensive abdominal aortic aneurysm involving open surgery as well as endovascular intervention. what happen is all the arterial branches coming out of abdo aorta are re-routed before the anurysm itself is being repaired. it takes 7 hours and involves 2 surgeons, with mortality rate reaching 30%. but when i look from the patient’s perspective i consider this; if i am doomed to die and there’s even a slight chance for anyone to fix me up so that i can live i’ll take it, no matter what.
p/s ; for better insight into the whole subject try and get hold of "complications; a surgeon’s note to an imperfect science" by atul gwande. it really is an interesting book.